Salts which occur naturally and those which are made synthetically from perchloic acid. Various different types of perchlorates are available. Usually, they are all soluble in water.
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NOBLE METAL
Inert or near-inert metal showing little or no chemical activity with atmosphere and mild acids. Gold, silver, and platinum are such metals. They do not rust or corrode, displaying an indefinite life span. Noble metals are simply non-reactive.
NITRIFICATION
Microorganisms in soil and water oxidize ammonium (NH4+) ions into nitrite (NO2) ion and then nitrate (NO3) ions. Plants absorb nitrate ions as essential nutrients. Oxygen helps convert or synthesize the nitrates into plant protein as amino acids. Also refer to nitration.
NITRITE (NO2-)
Nitrous acid ester or salt containing the nitrite (NO2) ion. Certain bacteria in the soil convert nitrites into nitrates as plant nutrients. They are used mainly as meat coloring agents and food preservatives in industry.
NITROGEN (N)
Inert gas. 78 percent of the Earth’s atmosphere by volume and about 77 percent by weight is nitrogen. Colorless, odorless, tasteless, and non-toxic, it maintains at these levels by the nitrogen cycle. Nitrogen is an essential tissue component as amino acids and nucleic acids in all animals and plants. Plants derive it from the soil,… Continue Reading NITROGEN (N)
NITRATE (NO3)
Inorganic or organic ester or nitric acid salt containing the (NO3) ion. Nitrates play a major part in nitrogen cycle and nitrate pollution. They are the most water soluble of all salts. Organic nitrates are manufactured compounds. They generate oxygen when heated and are popular for use in explosives, like nitrocellulose and nitroglycerin. Bacteria form… Continue Reading NITRATE (NO3)
NEUTRAL PH
Chemical solution that has an exact pH of 7.0, being neither acidic nor alkaline. Pure water is such a solution. Also refer to pH scale.
LOW RISK FOODS
Foods less of a source of food poisoning, containing (1) high acid content of pH 4.5 or lower, or (2) low water content. Low risk foods usually have a ‘best before’ date and spoil based on chemical composition, not microbiological activity.
LOGARITHMIC SCALE
Measure of unit increase or decrease that is actually a tenfold increase or decrease in the quantity measured. For example, a pH reading of 5 pH indicates 10 times the acidity of 4 pH, and 100 times the acidity of 3 pH; 1/10th the acidity of 6 pH, and 1/100th the acidity of 7 pH.… Continue Reading LOGARITHMIC SCALE
GOUT
In medical jurisprudence. An inflammation of the fibrous and ligamentousparts of the joints, characterized or caused by an excess of uric acid in the blood; usually,but not invariably, occurring in the joints of the feet, and then specifically called”podagra.”